Other Names
ARVD; ARVD1; LDS5; RNHF; TGF-beta3

Background
The mature monomer of TGF-β3 is composed of 112 amino acids, and the monomer part is at the carboxyl terminal of the precursor protein of TGF-β3.The structure of TGF-β3 in human body is a 25ku dimer, which is crosslinked by disulfide bonds between two monomers with the same structure and molecular weight of 12.5ku.TGF-β3 signaling is mediated by membrane-bound serine/threonine kinase receptors that regulate the transcription of target genes through the Smads protein pathway, thereby mediating a series of TGF-β3 biological responses.
The protein is involved in embryogenesis and cell differentiation, and may play a role in wound healing. Studies have shown that the TGF-β family is the most closely known cytokine associated with scar formation. The TGF-β family is a feedback inhibition system. Although the amino acid homology of TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 among each other is up to 70% , they play different roles in different cell types. TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 can promote collagen formation. while TGF-β3 can antagonize TGF-β1 and TGF-β2, suggesting that TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 are related to scar hyperplasia and TGF-β3 plays a role in scar regression.
Recent studies have shown that TGF-β 3, a member of the transforming growth factor family, can effectively promote the transformation process of adipose stem cells into chondrocytes, thereby promoting chondrogenesis.